Don’t store vitamins in the bathroom

A U.S. food scientist warns humidity—storing vitamins in the bathroom or kitchen—may eliminate the benefits of some vitamins. Lisa Mauer of Purdue University in West Lafayette, Ind., says subjecting some vitamins to humidity can chemically change their composition—even if the lids are on tight. “Opening and closing a package will change the atmosphere in it,” Mauer says in statement. “If you open and close a package in a bathroom, you add a little bit of humidity and moisture each time.” Mauer said crystalline substances—including vitamin C, some forms of vitamin B and other dietary supplements—may undergo deliquescence, a process in which humidity causes the water-soluble solid to dissolve similar to how sugar cakes in the summer. Once humidity or temperature is brought back down, the product will solidify, Mauer says, but the damage has been done. Depending on how long a person takes for a shower, the humidity of the bathroom can go as high as 98 percent, Mauer says. Mauer’s findings were published in the early online version of the Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry.

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Le même exercice sous un autre angle.

Voici une variation du mouvement pour prendre plus lourd mais qui étire moins

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L’hypertension affecte de nombreux sportifs de force. Le Pycnogénol contribue à les protéger.

Kidney flow and function in hypertension: protective effects of pycnogenol in hypertensive participants—a controlled study.
J Cardiovasc Pharmacol Ther. 2010 Mar;15(1):41-6. Cesarone MR, Belcaro G, Stuard S, Schönlau F, Di Renzo A, Grossi MG, Dugall M, Cornelli U, Cacchio M, Gizzi G, Pellegrini L.

This study evaluated the effects of Pycnogenol as an adjunct to angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE)-inhibitor ramipril treatment of hypertensive patients presenting with early signs of renal function problems. One group of 26 patients was medicated with 10 mg ramipril per day only; a second group of 29 patients took Pycnogenol in addition to the ACE inhibitor over a period of 6 months. At trial end, a lowered systolic and diastolic blood pressure was found in both groups, with a significant further reduction of diastolic pressure in the group given Pycnogenol in addition to ramipril. The major aim of this study was the investigation of kidney-protective effects of Pycnogenol. Urinary albumin decreased from 87 +/- 23 to 64 +/- 16 mg/d with ramipril only. Additional Pycnogenol lowered albumin significantly better from 91 +/- 25 to 39 +/- 13 mg/day (P

< .05). In both groups, serum creatinine was lowered; however, only in the combination treatment group did the effect reached statistical significance. In both groups, CRP levels decreased from 2.1 to 1.8 with ramipril and from 2.2 to 1.1 with the ramipril-Pycnogenol combination; the latter reached statistical significance. Kidney cortical flow velocity was investigated by Doppler color duplex ultrasonography. Both systolic and diastolic flow velocities increased significantly after 6 months medication with ramipril. The addition of Pycnogenol to the regimen statistically significantly further enhanced kidney cortical flow velocities, by 8% for diastolic flow and 12% for systolic flow, relative to values found for the group taking ramipril only. The

protective effects of Pycnogenol for initial kidney damage found in this study warrant further research with a larger number of patients and over a longer period of time.

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L’entraînement augmente la densité de récepteurs sur les muscles (évidemment, le régime ça ne va pas être bon).

Muscle hypertrophy and increased expression of leptin receptors in the musculus triceps brachii of the dominant arm in professional tennis players
Eur J Appl Physiol (2010) 108:749–758
Hugo Olmedillas · Joaquin Sanchis-Moysi

In rodents, endurance training increases leptin sensitivity in skeletal muscle; however, little is known about the effects of exercise on the leptin signalling system in human skeletal muscle. Thus, to determine whether chronic muscle loading increases leptin receptor (OBR170) protein expression, body composition dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry was assessed in nine professional male tennis players (24 § 4 years old) and muscle biopsies were obtained from the dominant (DTB) and non-dominant (NDTB) arm triceps brachii (TB), and also from the right vastus lateralis (VL). In each biopsy, the protein content of OB-R170, perilipin A, suppressor of cytokine signalling 3 (SOCS3), protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) phosphorylation were determined by western blot. The DTB had 15% greater lean mass (P < 0.05) and 62% greater OB-R170 protein expression (P < 0.05) than the NDTB. SOCS3 and PTP1B protein expression was similar in both arms, while STAT3 phosphorylation was reduced in the NDTB. OB-R170 protein content was also higher in DTB than in VL (P < 0.05). In summary, this study shows that the functional isoform of the leptin receptor is up-regulated in the hypertrophied TB. The latter combined with the fact that both SOCS3 and PTP1B protein expression were unaltered is compatible with increased leptin sensitivity in this muscle. Our findings are also consistent with a role of leptin signalling in muscle hypertrophy in healthy humans. Introduction The ob/ob mouse, which does not produce leptin, and the db/db mouse, which lacks functional leptin receptors, have lower muscle mass than comparable wildtype lean mice (Madiehe et al. 2002; Trostler et al. 1979). Leptin administration to these mice promotes muscle hypertrophy (Madiehe et al. 2002; Sainz et al. 2009). Thus, muscle loading facilitates the expression of leptin receptors when accompanied by muscle hypertrophy, at least in muscles with a high proportion of type 2 fibres, as in the TB (Sanchís-Moysi et al. 2009). In summary, this study shows that TB hypertrophy is accompanied by up-regulation of the functional isoform of the leptin receptor. Given the cross-talk between IGF-I signalling and leptin signalling, this finding is compatible with a role for leptin signalling in muscle hypertrophy in healthy humans. Since hypertrophy occurred predominantly in type 2 fibres in the loaded TB and in type 1 fibres in the VL, our findings are consistent with a greater increase in OB-Rb content in hypertrophied type 2 muscle fibres.

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La musculation abaisse temporairement la fonction rénale. Les oméga-3 produisent l’effet inverse sur la protéinurie.

The effect of n–3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation on urine protein excretion and kidney function: meta-analysis of clinical trials
Am J Clin Nutr 2009;89:1937–45.

Edgar R Miller III, Stephen P Juraschek, Lawrence J Appel, Madhavi Madala, Cheryl AM Anderson, Joachim Bleys, and Background: Chronic kidney disease is a major worldwide problem. Although epidemiologic and experimental studies suggest that n–3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid (n–3 LCPUFA) supplementation may prevent or slow the progression of kidney disease, evidence from clinical trials is inconsistent.

Objective: The objective was to combine evidence from controlled clinical trials to assess the effect of n–3 LCPUFA supplementation on the change in urine protein excretion (UPE) and on glomerular filtration rate (GFR).

Design: We performed a meta-analysis of clinical trials that tested the effect of n–3 LCPUFA supplementation on UPE, a marker of kidney damage, and on GFR, a marker of kidney function. A randomeffects model was used to pool SD effect size (Cohen’s d) across studies.

Results: Seventeen trials with 626 participants were included in the meta-analysis. Most trials focused on patients with a single underlying diagnosis: IgA nephropathy (n ¼ 5), diabetes (n ¼ 7), or lupus nephritis (n ¼ 1). The dose of n–3 LCPUFAs ranged from 0.7 to 5.1 g/d, and the median follow-up was 9 mo. In the pooled analysis, there was a greater reduction in UPE in the n–3 LCPUFA group than in the control group: Cohen’s d for all trials was 20.19 (95% CI: 20.34, 20.04; P ¼ 0.01). In a patient with 1 g UPE/d , this corresponds to a reduction of 190 mg/d. Effects on GFR were reported in 12 trials. The decline in GFR was slower in the n–3 LCPUFA group than in the control group, but this effect was not significant (0.11; 95% CI: 20.07, 0.29; P ¼ 0.24).

Conclusions: In our meta-analysis, use of n–3 LCPUFA supplements reduced UPE but not the decline in GFR. However, small numbers of participants in trials, different methods of assessing proteinuria and GFR, and inconsistent data reporting limit the strength of these conclusions. Large, high-quality trials with clinical outcomes are warranted.

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