Etudes Perte de poids
Extraits de jus de fruits et légumes contre les rhumes
“Reduction of common cold symptoms by encapsulated juice powder concentrate of fruits and vegetables: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial,”
Roll S, Nocon M, et al, Br J Nutr, 2010 Aug 23; 1-5; [Epub ahead of print].
In a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study involving 529 healthcare professionals (nursing staff, 80% female, mean age: 40 years), supplementation with an encapsulated juice powder concentrate (4 capsules) for a period of 8 months was found to be associated with a 20% reduction in moderate or severe common cold symptom days. Subjects who received the supplementation had a mean 7.6 days of moderate or severe common cold symptoms, as compared to 9.5 days in the placebo group. The authors conclude, “Intake of a dietary supplement from fruits and vegetables was associated with a 20 % reduction of moderate or severe common cold symptom days in healthcare professionals particularly exposed to patient contact.”
Le muscle se transforme t’il en graisse ?
Increased adipogenic conversion of muscle satellite cells in obese Zucker rats
International Journal of Obesity (2010) 34, 1319–1327; doi:10.1038/ijo.2010.47; published online 16 March 2010
A Scarda, C Franzin
Aims/hypothesis: Visceral and intermuscular adipose tissue (IMAT) depots account for most obesity-related metabolic and cardiovascular complications. Muscle satellite cells (SCs) are mesenchymal stem cells giving rise to myotubes and also to adipocytes, suggesting their possible contribution to IMAT origin and expansion. We investigated the myogenic differentiation of SCs and the adipogenic potential of both preadipocytes and SCs from genetically obese Zucker rats (fa/fa), focusing on the role of Wnt signaling in these differentiation processes.
Methods: SCs were isolated by single-fiber technique from flexor digitorum brevis muscle and preadipocytes were extracted from subcutaneous adipose tissue (AT). Morphological features and gene expression profile were evaluated during in vitro myogenesis and adipogenesis. Wingless-type MMTV integration site family member 10b (Wnt10b) expression was quantified by quantitative PCR in skeletal muscle and AT.
Results: We did not observe any difference in the proliferation rate and in the myogenic differentiation of SCs from obese and lean rats. However, a decreased insulin-induced glucose uptake was present in myotubes originating from fa/fa rats. Under adipogenic conditions, preadipocytes and SCs of obese animals displayed an enhanced adipogenesis. Wnt10b expression was reduced in obese rats in both muscle and AT.
Conclusions/interpretation: Our data suggest that the increase in different fat depots including IMAT and the reduced muscle insulin sensitivity, the major phenotypical alteration of obese Zucker rats, could be ascribed to an intrinsic defect, either genetically determined or acquired, still present in both muscle and fat precursors. The involvement of Wnt10b as a regulator of both adipogenesis and muscle-to-fat conversion is suggested.
Les probiotiques pour perdre du ventre
Regulation of abdominal adiposity by probiotics (Lactobacillus gasseri SBT2055) in adults with obese tendencies in a randomized controlled trial
Y Kadooka European Journal of Clinical Nutrition (2010) 64, 636–643; doi:10.1038/ejcn.2010.19; published online 10 March 2010
Background/Objectives: In spite of the much evidence for the beneficial effects of probiotics, their anti-obesity effects have not been well examined. We evaluated the effects of the probiotic Lactobacillus gasseri SBT2055 (LG2055) on abdominal adiposity, body weight and other body measures in adults with obese tendencies.
Subjects/Methods: We conducted a multicenter, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled intervention trial. Subjects (n=87) with higher body mass index (BMI) (24.2–30.7 kg/m2) and abdominal visceral fat area (81.2–178.5 cm2) were randomly assigned to receive either fermented milk (FM) containing LG2055 (active FM; n=43) or FM without LG2055 (control FM; n=44), and were asked to consume 200 g/day of FM for 12 weeks. Abdominal fat area was determined by computed tomography.
Results: In the active FM group, abdominal visceral and subcutaneous fat areas significantly (P<0.01) decreased from baseline by an average of 4.6% (mean (confidence interval): −5.8 (−10.0, −1.7) cm2) and 3.3% (−7.4 (−11.6, −3.1) cm2), respectively. Body weight and other measures also decreased significantly (P<0.001) as follows: body weight, 1.4% (−1.1 (−1.5, −0.7) kg); BMI, 1.5% (−0.4 (−0.5, −0.2) kg/m2); waist, 1.8% (−1.7 (−2.1, −1.4) cm); hip, 1.5% (−1.5 (−1.8, −1.1) cm). In the control group, by contrast, none of these parameters decreased significantly. High-molecular weight adiponectin in serum increased significantly (P<0.01) in the active and control groups by 12.7% (0.17 (0.07, 0.26) μg/ml) and 13.6% (0.23 (0.07, 0.38) μg/ml), respectively.
Conclusion: The probiotic LG2055 showed lowering effects on abdominal adiposity, body weight and other measures, suggesting its beneficial influence on metabolic disorders.
Mangez le matin, moins le soir
Meal distribution across the day and its relationship with body composition
Authors: Murilo Dattiloa; Cibele Aparecida Crispima; Ion Zalcman Zimberga; Srgio Tufika; Marco Tlio de Melloa
Published in: Biological Rhythm Research
Evidence has suggested that meal distribution across the day may influence body composition. This study aimed to evaluate the distribution of energy and macronutrient intake in healthy men and women, and to correlate it with body composition. Fifty-two healthy volunteers (24 men), aged 20-45 years old, participated in the study. Food intake was analyzed by a three-day food record and anthropometric measurements included body mass, height, body mass index, body fat percentage, and waist circumference. Positive correlations were found in men between night fat intake and body mass index, body fat percentage and waist circumference and negative correlations were seen between morning energy and macronutrient intake and the same anthropometric variables. These data suggest that fat intake at night is associated with higher values in anthropometric variables while morning food intake can be associated with lower values in anthropometric variables.
Attention au géranium chinois
Synthetic geranium substance raises ephedra-like red flags
Synthetic versions of geranium oil are being illegally formulated into weight management products, according to several sources concerned industry may, “have another ephedra on our hands”.
One source who preferred not to be named said geranium oil substitutes were being used in weight loss and body building supplements marketed mostly by fringe internet companies but also major supplements brands whose products appeared in major retail outlets.
“This whole Geranamine things has been on our radar before – about 4-5 years ago, but it never went anywhere. This time around someone got some traction with a product and now everyone is following,” he said.
“Problem is, this story is going to end badly at some point, probably with some form of FDA action.”
The ingredients typically appear on-label as geranamine or geranium oil but are in fact 1.3-dimethylpentylamine, a chemical compound.
This is different to the dimethylpentylamine compound, which can be extracted from the geranium plant, but 1.3-dimethylpentylamine is manufactured in a lab, and it does not have approval for use in the US in dietary supplemets.
“I think some of the companies here in the US are purchasing the synthetic material called “1 3-dimethylpentylamine” and labeling it as either Geranamine or Geranium Oil to make it look like it comes from geranium, when in fact it has never seen a plant,” the source said.
He said much of the material originated in China.
Mark Blumenthal, the founder and executive director of the American Botanical Council (ABC) said the ingredient that can also be derived from oil of pelargonium, had blipped on his radar, but had yet to be studied in the scientific literature.
“I think concerns about possibly another ‘ephedra-like’ may be warranted, although to date, we have not conducted a lit review on this substance and thus cannot comment on its relative safety when ingested at doses which are presumably higher than those found in geranium oil (little of which is normally ingested by humans),” he said.
